chore: refine how we handle licenses for binaries

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -535,30 +535,4 @@ fix(java/driver/jdbc): adjust SQL type mapping for JDBC driver
 
 ## Re-generating 3rd Party Licenses
 
-In order to collect the licenses for our Go-dependencies we leverage the
-tool `github.com/google/go-licenses`. We have a template containing the
-non-go licenses, and then you can install `go-licenses` with:
-
-```shell
-$ go install github.com/google/go-licenses@latest
-```
-
-You can generate the LICENSE.txt with the following command:
-
-```shell
-$ pushd go/adbc && go-licenses report ./... \
-  --ignore github.com/apache/arrow-adbc/go/adbc \
-  --ignore github.com/apache/arrow/go/v11 \
-  --ignore github.com/apache/arrow/go/v12 \
-  --ignore github.com/apache/arrow/go/v13 \
-  --ignore github.com/apache/arrow/go/v14 \
-  --ignore github.com/apache/arrow/go/v15 \
-  --ignore github.com/apache/arrow/go/v16 \
-  --template ../../license.tpl > ../../LICENSE.txt 2> /dev/null
-```
-
-You will have to manually fix up the license, since some packages do not
-fill out their metadata correctly and things like READMEs may end up in
-the license.
-
-[conventional-commits]: https://www.conventionalcommits.org/en/v1.0.0/
+See ci/licenses/README.md.

ci/licenses/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+<!---
+  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+  or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+  distributed with this work for additional information
+  regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+  to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+  "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+  with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+  software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+  "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+  KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+  specific language governing permissions and limitations
+  under the License.
+-->
+
+This directory contains license appendices for binary distributions. The main
+LICENSE.txt covers the ADBC project and any vendored sources. The files here
+are specific to binary distributions, including the Python wheels, which
+statically link their dependencies, and thus must propagate the licenses of
+their (transitive) dependencies.
+
+For the Flight SQL driver, which is written in Go, we use
+[`go-licenses`](https://github.com/google/go-licenses) to assemble the
+licenses of the transitive dependencies and generate a combined file. First,
+install the tool:
+
+```
+go install github.com/google/go-licenses@latest
+```
+
+Then generate the license:
+
+```
+cd go/adbc
+go-licenses report ./... \
+  --ignore github.com/apache/arrow-adbc/go/adbc \
+  --ignore github.com/apache/arrow/go/v18 \
+  --template ../../ci/licenses/flightsql.tpl > ../../ci/licenses/flightsql.txt 2> /dev/null
+```
+
+You may have to manually fix up the license, since some packages do not
+fill out their metadata correctly and things like READMEs may end up in
+the license. Then check in the result.
+
+There is not a separate file for the driver manager, as all of its
+dependencies are vendored, and hence covered by the root LICENSE.txt.
+
+After updating, copy the combined license files to the Python wheel
+directories and commit the result:
+
+```
+cat LICENSE.txt ci/licenses/flightsql.txt > python/adbc_driver_flightsql/LICENSE.txt
+cat LICENSE.txt ci/licenses/postgresql.txt > python/adbc_driver_postgresql/LICENSE.txt
+cat LICENSE.txt ci/licenses/sqlite.txt > python/adbc_driver_sqlite/LICENSE.txt
+```

ci/licenses/flightsql.tpl

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+This binary distribution stataically links Go.
+The Go project is under the BSD 3-clause license +
+PATENTS weak patent termination clause
+(https://github.com/golang/go/blob/master/PATENTS).
+
+Copyright (c) 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+met:
+
+   * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+   * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+distribution.
+   * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+this software without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+{{ range .}}
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+3rdparty dependency {{ .Name }}
+is statically linked in certain binary distributions, like the Python wheels.
+{{ .Name }} is under the {{ .LicenseName }} license.
+{{ if ne .LicenseName "Apache-2.0" -}}
+{{.LicenseText}}
+{{- end }}
+{{- end }}