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Aquarium Control System v1.0

An Arduino Mega 2560-based, modular, timer-driven (non-blocking) aquarium control and automation system.

Arduino License Status

Aquarium Control System

Features

  • ** Temperature Monitoring**: 2-channel DS18B20 digital temperature sensor support
  • ** Fan Control**: Automatic temperature-based or manual PWM fan control
  • ** 8-Channel Relay**: Active LOW relay control
  • ** Real-Time Clock**: DS3231 RTC module support
  • ** LCD Display**: 20x4 I2C LCD support
  • ** Voltage Monitoring**: 12V input, 5V, 3.3V regulator and RTC battery monitoring
  • ** RGB LED Strip**: 8, 9, 10 pins with PWM control
  • ** Alarm System**: High/low temperature, low voltage, low battery alarms
  • ** Log System**: 40-entry event log
  • ** Scheduling**: Scheduled tasks for 20 different scenarios
  • ** EEPROM Support**: Persistent storage of settings
  • ** Bluetooth Support**: Wireless control via HC-05/HC-06 module
  • ** Status LEDs**: Green/Red status LEDs

Project Images

Front and Back View

Front View Back View

With Components

Components

PCB Design

PCB Schematic

Hardware Requirements

Main Board

  • Arduino Mega 2560 (requires Serial3 and high pin count)

Sensors and Modules

Component Pin Description
DS18B20 (Inner) 33 OneWire temperature sensor
DS18B20 (Outer) 27 Sensor on TinyRTC
DS18B20 VCC 31 Sensor power control
PWM Fan 44 Timer5/OC5C fast PWM
Buzzer 25 Audio alert
LCD I2C SDA/SCL 20x4 LCD at address 0x27
RTC DS3231 SDA/SCL RTC module at address 0x68
EEPROM SDA/SCL External EEPROM at address 0x50
Bluetooth 22 (state), Serial3 HC-05/HC-06 module
RGB LED Strip 10(R), 9(G), 8(B) PWM controlled RGB strip

Voltage Measurement Channels

Channel Pin Divider Max Voltage
12V Input A0 10k/4.7k ~15.63V
Arduino 5V A1 10k/4.7k ~6.06V
ESP 3.3V A2 3.3k/4.7k ~6.65V
RTC Battery A3 4.7k/15k ~6.56V

Relay Pins

Relays are configured as active LOW:

const uint8_t RELAY_PINS[8] = {36, 38, 40, 42, 43, 41, 39, 37};

Status LEDs

  • Green LED (Pin 30 - PC7): System heartbeat
  • Red LED (Pin 29 - PA7): Alarm status

Project Structure

Aquarium-Controller/
 Code/                          # Source code
    Code.ino                   # Main sketch file
    config.h                   # Hardware configuration
    globals.cpp/h              # Global variables
    scheduler.h                # Timer/Delay classes
    mutex.cpp/h                # Mutex wrappers
    actuator.cpp/h             # Fan and scenario management
    relays.cpp/h               # Relay control
    voltage.cpp/h              # Voltage measurement
    ds18b20.cpp/h              # Temperature sensors
    rtc_driver.cpp/h           # RTC driver
    alarm_manager.cpp/h        # Alarm system
    logger.cpp/h               # Event logging
    command_parser.cpp/h       # Serial command processor
    rgb_strip.cpp/h            # RGB LED control
    time_utils.cpp/h           # Time formatting
    ...
 images/                        # Project images
    front.jpg                  # Front view
    back.jpg                   # Back view
    with_components.jpg        # With components
    pcb.PNG                    # PCB design
    schematic.PNG              # Schematic diagram
    List.PNG                   # Bill of materials
 Aquarium_Scheme.PDF            # Circuit schematic
 LICENSE                        # License file
 README.md                      # This file

Dependencies

The following Arduino libraries are required:

arduino-cli lib install OneWire
arduino-cli lib install DallasTemperature
arduino-cli lib install RTClib
arduino-cli lib install "LiquidCrystal I2C"

Built-in libraries:

  • Wire (I2C)
  • EEPROM
  • SPI

Build and Upload

Using Arduino CLI

# Install board core
arduino-cli core install arduino:avr

# Install required libraries
arduino-cli lib install OneWire DallasTemperature RTClib "LiquidCrystal I2C"

# Compile
arduino-cli compile --fqbn arduino:avr:mega Code

# Upload (replace COM5 with your port)
arduino-cli upload -p COM5 --fqbn arduino:avr:mega Code

# Serial monitor
arduino-cli monitor -p COM5 -c baudrate=115200

Using Arduino IDE

  1. Open Code.ino in Arduino IDE
  2. Select Tools > Board > Arduino Mega 2560
  3. Select Tools > Port > COM5 (or your port)
  4. Click Upload

Serial Command Interface

The system accepts commands via USB (Serial) and Bluetooth (Serial3). Default baud rate: 115200

General Commands

Command Description
help or ? List all commands
status Show system status
time Show current time
time DD/MM/YYYY HH:MM:SS Set time
diag Hardware diagnostics

Temperature Commands

Command Description
get temp Show temperature values
set tempunit c|f Set unit (Celsius/Fahrenheit)
set targettemp 26.0 Set target temperature

Fan Commands

Command Description
get fan Show fan speed
fan auto Automatic fan control
fan speed 50 Set fan speed to 50% (0-100)

Relay Commands

Command Description
get relay Show relay status
relay on 1 Turn on relay 1 (1-8)
relay off 1 Turn off relay 1
relay toggle 1 Toggle relay 1
relay all on Turn all relays on
relay all off Turn all relays off

RGB LED Strip Commands

Command Description
rgb Show current RGB status
rgb on / white White light
rgb off Turn off LED
rgb red Red color
rgb green Green color
rgb blue Blue color
rgb yellow Yellow color
rgb cyan Cyan color
rgb magenta Magenta color
rgb orange Orange color
rgb purple Purple color
rgb rgb 255 128 0 Custom RGB values (0-255)
rgb brightness 50 Set brightness to 50% (0-100)

Alarm Commands

Command Description
alarm Show alarm thresholds
alarm recover Clear all alarms

Log Commands

Command Description
log all Show all log entries
log last 10 Show last 10 entries
log clear Clear logs

EEPROM Commands

Command Description
eeprom map Show EEPROM map
eeprom clear Clear EEPROM (Warning!)

LED Commands

Command Description
leds enable 0|1 Enable/disable LEDs
leds status Show LED status

Architecture

Non-Blocking Design

The system runs on a timer-based non-blocking architecture without FreeRTOS:

// Timers
Timer timerSensors(600000);   // 10 minutes
Timer timerDisplay(1000);     // 1 second
Timer timerSystem(5000);      // 5 seconds
Timer timerSerial(50);        // 50ms

Task Structure

Task Period Description
taskSensors() 10 min Read temperature sensors
taskDisplay() 1 sec Update LCD
taskSystem() 5 sec RTC, alarms, scheduling, LEDs
taskSerial() 50 ms Process serial commands

Data Structures

Scenario

struct Scenario {
    char    name[16];      // Scenario name
    uint8_t relayMask;     // Relay state
    uint8_t fanSpeed;      // Fan speed (0-100)
    float   targetTemp;    // Target temperature
    uint8_t active;        // Active?
};

Schedule

struct Schedule {
    uint8_t scenIdx;       // Scenario index
    uint8_t dayMask;       // Day mask (bitmask)
    uint8_t hour;          // Hour
    uint8_t minute;        // Minute
    uint8_t active;        // Active?
};

EEPROM Map

Address Size Content
0x0000 32B Header (EE_MAGIC)
0x0020 64B System Settings
0x0060 480B Scenarios (10 × 48B)
0x0250 400B Schedules (20 × 20B)
0x03F0 32B Alarm Configuration
0x0410 256B Log Entries (40 × 6B)
0x0510 16B NTP Settings

Configuration

Hardware configuration can be modified in config.h:

// Pin definitions
#define PIN_DS18B20_IN   33
#define PIN_DS18B20_OUT  27
#define PIN_FAN          44
#define PIN_BUZZER       25
#define PIN_RGB_RED      10
#define PIN_RGB_GREEN    9
#define PIN_RGB_BLUE     8

// Alarm thresholds (default)
#define DEFAULT_TEMP_HIGH  30.0f
#define DEFAULT_TEMP_LOW   20.0f
#define DEFAULT_VOLT_LOW   11.0f
#define DEFAULT_BAT_LOW    2.5f

// Fan auto control
#define FAN_TEMP_MIN  24.0f  // 0% fan
#define FAN_TEMP_MAX  30.0f  // 100% fan

Sample System Output

========================================
    AQUARIUM CONTROL SYSTEM v1.0
========================================
[INIT] Mutex... OK
[INIT] I2C... OK
[INIT] I2C Scan:
       0x50
       0x68
[INIT] LCD... OK
[INIT] RTC... OK
[INIT] DS18B20... OK
[INIT] Peripherals... OK
[INIT] EEPROM... OK (loaded)
========================================
SYSTEM READY!
Type 'help' for commands.
========================================

Troubleshooting

Known Issues and Solutions

  1. Temperature sensor not reading

    • Check DS18B20 pin connections
    • Verify 4.7kΩ pull-up resistor is installed

  2. RTC not starting

    • Check I2C connections (SDA/SCL)
    • Verify CR2032 battery is installed

  3. LCD not working

    • Ensure I2C address is 0x27
    • Check contrast adjustment

  4. Relays working in reverse

    • Remember relay module is active LOW
    • HIGH = Off, LOW = On

  5. RGB LED not working

    • Check connections to pins 8, 9, 10
    • Verify MOSFET/transistor drivers are properly connected
    • Check LED strip power supply (12V)

License

This project is licensed under the MIT License. See LICENSE for details.

Note: This project was developed for personal use. For aquarium livestock safety, please implement backup measures for critical systems.

About

Arduino Mega 2560-based aquarium control system with temperature monitoring, fan control, 8-channel relays, RTC, LCD, voltage monitoring, RGB LED strip, and Bluetooth support.

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Readme

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MIT license
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