diff --git a/.claude/sweep-error-handling-state.csv b/.claude/sweep-error-handling-state.csv
index a5ad4dfdd..755fc03ed 100644
--- a/.claude/sweep-error-handling-state.csv
+++ b/.claude/sweep-error-handling-state.csv
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
-module,last_inspected,issue,severity_max,categories_found,notes
-geotiff,2026-07-02,3604,MEDIUM,2;4,"to_geotiff 0D/1D DataArray raised opaque IndexError from _coords.py coords_to_transform (dims[-2]) instead of clean 'Expected 2D or 3D' ValueError; numpy path + 4D DataArray already clean. Fixed via early ndim guard before dispatch (eager/vrt/gpu) + 3 tests; PR #3604. Read-side param validation + typed-error hierarchy + allow_rotated/allow_invalid_nodata VRT+chunked opt-in threading verified clean (CUDA available, GPU paths run). gh issue create blocked by auto-mode; PR opened. Cat 2+4."
+module,last_inspected,issue,severity_max,categories_found,notes
+bump,2026-07-02,,HIGH,1;2;3;4,"bump() agg template unvalidated: plain ndarray -> ArrayTypeFunctionMapping 'Unsupported Array Type'; 3D/1D DataArray -> 'too many values to unpack'. count/spread unvalidated (internal numpy errors / silent). Added _validate_raster(agg,ndim=2) + _validate_scalar for count,spread. all 4 backends verified (CUDA present)."
+geotiff,2026-07-02,3604,MEDIUM,2;4,"to_geotiff 0D/1D DataArray raised opaque IndexError from _coords.py coords_to_transform (dims[-2]) instead of clean 'Expected 2D or 3D' ValueError; numpy path + 4D DataArray already clean. Fixed via early ndim guard before dispatch (eager/vrt/gpu) + 3 tests; PR #3604. Read-side param validation + typed-error hierarchy + allow_rotated/allow_invalid_nodata VRT+chunked opt-in threading verified clean (CUDA available, GPU paths run). gh issue create blocked by auto-mode; PR opened. Cat 2+4."
diff --git a/xrspatial/bump.py b/xrspatial/bump.py
index b9b96b976..9bc54712f 100644
--- a/xrspatial/bump.py
+++ b/xrspatial/bump.py
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ class cupy(object):
 except ImportError:
     da = None
 
-from xrspatial.utils import (ArrayTypeFunctionMapping, _validate_scalar, has_cuda_and_cupy,
-                             is_cupy_array, ngjit)
+from xrspatial.utils import (ArrayTypeFunctionMapping, _validate_raster, _validate_scalar,
+                             has_cuda_and_cupy, is_cupy_array, ngjit)
 
 # Upper bound on bump count to prevent accidental OOM from the default
 # w*h//10 heuristic.  16 bytes per bump (int32 loc pair + float64 height),
@@ -344,7 +344,15 @@ def heights(locations, src, src_range, height = 20):
             Description:  Example Bump Map
             units:        km
     """
+    _validate_scalar(spread, func_name='bump', name='spread',
+                     dtype=int, min_val=0)
+    if count is not None:
+        _validate_scalar(count, func_name='bump', name='count',
+                         dtype=int, min_val=0)
+
     if agg is not None:
+        _validate_raster(agg, func_name='bump', name='agg', ndim=2,
+                         numeric=False)
         h, w = agg.shape
     else:
         _validate_scalar(width, func_name='bump', name='width',
diff --git a/xrspatial/tests/test_bump.py b/xrspatial/tests/test_bump.py
index 65abf26bc..8559c5532 100644
--- a/xrspatial/tests/test_bump.py
+++ b/xrspatial/tests/test_bump.py
@@ -379,3 +379,54 @@ def test_bump_dask_bypasses_raster_guard():
     result = bump(agg=agg, count=10, spread=0)
     assert result.shape == (100_000, 100_000)
     assert isinstance(result.data, da.Array)
+
+
+# --- Input-validation regression tests ---
+
+def test_bump_agg_must_be_dataarray():
+    """A plain ndarray template raises a clear TypeError naming `agg`,
+    not an inscrutable 'Unsupported Array Type' from the dispatcher."""
+    import pytest
+
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=r"bump\(\): `agg` must be an "
+                       r"xarray\.DataArray"):
+        bump(agg=np.zeros((10, 10)))
+
+
+def test_bump_agg_must_be_2d():
+    """A 3D or 1D template raises a clear ValueError naming `agg` and the
+    2D requirement, not 'too many values to unpack'."""
+    import pytest
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r"bump\(\): `agg` must be 2D"):
+        bump(agg=xr.DataArray(np.zeros((3, 10, 10)), dims=['b', 'y', 'x']))
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r"bump\(\): `agg` must be 2D"):
+        bump(agg=xr.DataArray(np.zeros(10), dims=['x']))
+
+
+def test_bump_count_validated():
+    """`count` gets the same clean validation as width/height instead of
+    surfacing raw numpy errors."""
+    import pytest
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r"bump\(\): `count` must be >= 0"):
+        bump(width=10, height=10, count=-5)
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=r"bump\(\): `count` must be int"):
+        bump(width=10, height=10, count=5.0)
+
+
+def test_bump_spread_validated():
+    """`spread` is documented as int; negative and non-int values raise
+    instead of being silently ignored."""
+    import pytest
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r"bump\(\): `spread` must be >= 0"):
+        bump(width=10, height=10, spread=-3)
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=r"bump\(\): `spread` must be int"):
+        bump(width=10, height=10, spread=2.5)
+
+
+def test_bump_spread_zero_still_allowed():
+    """spread=0 (single-pixel bumps) must remain valid."""
+    result = bump(width=10, height=10, count=5, spread=0)
+    assert result.shape == (10, 10)