diff --git a/src/ml_flashpoint/adapter/nemo/checkpoint_callback.py b/src/ml_flashpoint/adapter/nemo/checkpoint_callback.py
index 6435c7b..385ae69 100644
--- a/src/ml_flashpoint/adapter/nemo/checkpoint_callback.py
+++ b/src/ml_flashpoint/adapter/nemo/checkpoint_callback.py
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ def __init__(
         every_n_steps: int,
         skip_every_n_steps: Optional[int] = None,
         enabled: bool = True,
+        keep_mlf_checkpoint_on_train_end: bool = False,
     ):
         """
         Initializes and validates the callback.
@@ -68,12 +69,15 @@ def __init__(
             skip_every_n_steps (int, optional): The step frequency to skip checkpointing. This is suggested to be set to
                 the interval used for long-term checkpointing by the alternative strategy. Defaults to 0 (no skipping).
             enabled (bool): Whether this callback should be enabled. Defaults to True.
+            keep_mlf_checkpoint_on_train_end (bool): Whether to keep the ML Flashpoint checkpoint after training ends.
+                Defaults to False.
         """
         self.base_container = CheckpointContainerId(checkpoint_base_container)
         self.every_n_steps = every_n_steps
         self.skip_every_n_steps = skip_every_n_steps if skip_every_n_steps is not None else 0
         self._enabled = enabled
         self._replication_manager = None
+        self._keep_mlf_checkpoint_on_train_end = keep_mlf_checkpoint_on_train_end
         self._validate()
 
     @property
@@ -184,5 +188,11 @@ def on_train_end(self, trainer: "pl.Trainer", pl_module: "pl.LightningModule") -
             self.replication_manager.shutdown()
 
         if trainer.local_rank == 0:
-            _LOGGER.info("Local rank 0: Performing final checkpoint cleanup...")
-            trainer.strategy.checkpoint_io.remove_checkpoint(self.base_container.data)
+            if not self._keep_mlf_checkpoint_on_train_end:
+                _LOGGER.info("Local rank 0: Performing final checkpoint cleanup...")
+                trainer.strategy.checkpoint_io.remove_checkpoint(self.base_container.data)
+            else:
+                _LOGGER.info(
+                    "Local rank 0: Skipping final checkpoint cleanup because keep_mlf_checkpoint_on_train_end=%s.",
+                    self._keep_mlf_checkpoint_on_train_end,
+                )
diff --git a/tests/adapter/nemo/test_checkpoint_callback.py b/tests/adapter/nemo/test_checkpoint_callback.py
index 114aa41..7704bfa 100644
--- a/tests/adapter/nemo/test_checkpoint_callback.py
+++ b/tests/adapter/nemo/test_checkpoint_callback.py
@@ -497,3 +497,57 @@ def test_on_train_end_is_idempotent(mocker, tmp_path):
 
     # Verify file deletion
     assert not base_container_path.exists(), "Base container directory should have been deleted"
+
+
+def test_on_train_end_skips_cleanup_when_flag_is_true(mocker, tmp_path):
+    """
+    Tests that the final checkpoint cleanup is skipped when
+    keep_mlf_checkpoint_on_train_end is set to True.
+
+    This ensures that for E2E tests or specific debugging scenarios,
+    the last ML Flashpoint checkpoint remains on disk after training ends.
+    """
+
+    # Given
+    trainer = mocker.MagicMock(spec=pl.Trainer)
+    trainer.local_rank = 0
+    chkpt_obj_manager = CheckpointObjectManager()
+
+    checkpoint_io = MLFlashpointCheckpointIO(
+        flashpoint_base_path=str(tmp_path / "ckpt_base"),
+        alt_checkpoint_io=mocker.MagicMock(),
+        chkpt_obj_manager=chkpt_obj_manager,
+        save_strategy=mocker.MagicMock(),
+        load_strategy=mocker.MagicMock(),
+        trainer=trainer,
+    )
+    checkpoint_io.maybe_finalize_save_checkpoint = mocker.MagicMock()
+    mocker.spy(checkpoint_io, "remove_checkpoint")
+    trainer.strategy.checkpoint_io = checkpoint_io
+
+    pl_module = mocker.MagicMock(spec=pl.LightningModule)
+
+    # Create a base container directory and a dummy file inside it
+    base_container_path = tmp_path / "ckpt_base"
+    base_container_path.mkdir()
+    dummy_file = base_container_path / "dummy.txt"
+    dummy_file.write_text("dummy")
+
+    base_container = CheckpointContainerId(str(base_container_path))
+    callback = MLFlashpointCheckpointCallback(
+        checkpoint_base_container=base_container, every_n_steps=1, keep_mlf_checkpoint_on_train_end=True
+    )
+    callback.replication_manager = mocker.MagicMock()
+
+    # When
+    callback.on_train_end(trainer, pl_module)
+
+    # Then
+    checkpoint_io.maybe_finalize_save_checkpoint.assert_called_once_with(blocking=True)
+    trainer.strategy.barrier.assert_called_once_with("mlf_cleanup_barrier")
+    callback.replication_manager.shutdown.assert_called_once()
+
+    checkpoint_io.remove_checkpoint.assert_not_called()
+
+    assert base_container_path.exists(), "Base container directory should NOT have been deleted"
+    assert dummy_file.exists(), "Dummy file should NOT have been deleted"