diff --git a/grpcreplay/binary_format.go b/grpcreplay/binary_format.go
index b1a1772..7309215 100644
--- a/grpcreplay/binary_format.go
+++ b/grpcreplay/binary_format.go
@@ -17,12 +17,17 @@ package grpcreplay
 import (
 	"encoding/binary"
 	"errors"
+	"fmt"
 	"io"
 
 	pb "github.com/google/go-replayers/grpcreplay/proto/grpcreplay"
 	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
 )
 
+// maxRecordSize guards against OOM when parsing a crafted replay file.
+// gRPC's default max message size is 4 MiB; 64 MiB is a generous upper bound.
+const maxRecordSize = 64 << 20 // 64 MiB
+
 type binaryWriter struct {
 	w io.Writer
 }
@@ -98,6 +103,9 @@ func (r *binaryReader) readRecord() ([]byte, error) {
 	if err := binary.Read(r.r, binary.LittleEndian, &size); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
+	if size > maxRecordSize {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("grpcreplay: record size %d exceeds maximum %d", size, maxRecordSize)
+	}
 	buf := make([]byte, size)
 	if _, err := io.ReadFull(r.r, buf); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
diff --git a/grpcreplay/grpcreplay_test.go b/grpcreplay/grpcreplay_test.go
index e4a5e61..81b1692 100644
--- a/grpcreplay/grpcreplay_test.go
+++ b/grpcreplay/grpcreplay_test.go
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ package grpcreplay
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
+	"encoding/binary"
 	"errors"
 	"io"
 	"reflect"
@@ -704,3 +705,20 @@ func TestSetInitial(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("got initial state %q, want %q", got, want)
 	}
 }
+
+// TestOversizeRecord is a regression test for OOM via unchecked readRecord size.
+// A crafted binary replay file with size > maxRecordSize must be rejected with
+// an error rather than causing a large allocation.
+func TestOversizeRecord(t *testing.T) {
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	// Write an oversize size field (maxRecordSize + 1).
+	binary.Write(&buf, binary.LittleEndian, uint32(maxRecordSize+1))
+
+	r := &binaryReader{r: &buf}
+	// readHeader() calls readRecord() internally.
+	_, err := r.readRecord()
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("readRecord should return an error for size > maxRecordSize")
+	}
+	t.Logf("correctly rejected oversized record: %v", err)
+}