diff --git a/lucene/CHANGES.txt b/lucene/CHANGES.txt
index 79b27e9d4051..5211861a7034 100644
--- a/lucene/CHANGES.txt
+++ b/lucene/CHANGES.txt
@@ -200,6 +200,8 @@ Bug Fixes
 
 * GITHUB#16278: Refactor NativeFSLockFactory lock acquisition to cleanly separate locking and file system logic. (Bharathi-Kanna)
 
+* GITHUB#16303: Add suppressed exception details when lock acquisition fails in NativeFSLockFactory. (Bharathi-Kanna)
+
 Changes in Runtime Behavior
 ---------------------
 * GITHUB#14187: The query cache is now disabled by default. (Adrien Grand)
diff --git a/lucene/core/src/java/org/apache/lucene/store/NativeFSLockFactory.java b/lucene/core/src/java/org/apache/lucene/store/NativeFSLockFactory.java
index 056bd3cf01a0..15ceed4c3e03 100644
--- a/lucene/core/src/java/org/apache/lucene/store/NativeFSLockFactory.java
+++ b/lucene/core/src/java/org/apache/lucene/store/NativeFSLockFactory.java
@@ -128,19 +128,17 @@ protected Lock obtainFSLock(FSDirectory dir, String lockName) throws IOException
    */
   private static NativeFSLock tryLock(Path path, FileTime creationTime) throws IOException {
     FileChannel channel = null;
-    FileLock lock = null;
     try {
       channel = FileChannel.open(path, StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.WRITE);
-      lock = channel.tryLock();
+      FileLock lock = channel.tryLock();
       if (lock != null) {
         return new NativeFSLock(lock, channel, path, creationTime);
       } else {
         throw new LockObtainFailedException("Lock held by another program: " + path);
       }
-    } finally {
-      if (lock == null) { // not successful - clear up and move out
-        IOUtils.closeWhileHandlingException(channel); // TODO: addSuppressed
-      }
+    } catch (Throwable t) {
+      IOUtils.closeWhileSuppressingExceptions(t, channel);
+      throw t;
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/lucene/core/src/test/org/apache/lucene/store/TestNativeFSLockFactory.java b/lucene/core/src/test/org/apache/lucene/store/TestNativeFSLockFactory.java
index 0c87b5a0a0d3..88c3aa0c522a 100644
--- a/lucene/core/src/test/org/apache/lucene/store/TestNativeFSLockFactory.java
+++ b/lucene/core/src/test/org/apache/lucene/store/TestNativeFSLockFactory.java
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@
 package org.apache.lucene.store;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.FileLock;
 import java.nio.channels.SeekableByteChannel;
 import java.nio.file.AccessDeniedException;
 import java.nio.file.FileSystem;
@@ -25,6 +27,7 @@
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.nio.file.attribute.FileAttribute;
 import java.util.Set;
+import org.apache.lucene.tests.mockfile.FilterFileChannel;
 import org.apache.lucene.tests.mockfile.FilterFileSystemProvider;
 import org.apache.lucene.tests.mockfile.FilterPath;
 import org.apache.lucene.tests.store.BaseLockFactoryTestCase;
@@ -143,4 +146,54 @@ public void testBadPermissions() throws IOException {
 
     dir.close();
   }
+
+  /** MockFileSystem that throws exception on lock and close */
+  static class MockFailingCloseFileSystem extends FilterFileSystemProvider {
+    public MockFailingCloseFileSystem(FileSystem delegateInstance) {
+      super("mockfailingclose://", delegateInstance);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public FileChannel newFileChannel(
+        Path path, Set<? extends OpenOption> options, FileAttribute<?>... attrs)
+        throws IOException {
+      if (path.getFileName().toString().equals("test.lock")) {
+        return new FilterFileChannel(super.newFileChannel(path, options, attrs)) {
+          @Override
+          public FileLock tryLock(long position, long size, boolean shared) throws IOException {
+            throw new IOException("fake lock failure");
+          }
+
+          @Override
+          protected void implCloseChannel() throws IOException {
+            super.implCloseChannel();
+            throw new IOException("fake close failure");
+          }
+        };
+      }
+      return super.newFileChannel(path, options, attrs);
+    }
+  }
+
+  public void testSuppressedExceptionOnLockFailure() throws IOException {
+    Path tmpDir = createTempDir();
+    tmpDir = FilterPath.unwrap(tmpDir).toRealPath();
+    FileSystem mock = new MockFailingCloseFileSystem(tmpDir.getFileSystem()).getFileSystem(null);
+    Path mockPath = mock.getPath(tmpDir.toString());
+
+    Directory dir = getDirectory(mockPath.resolve("indexDir"));
+    IOException expected =
+        expectThrows(
+            IOException.class,
+            () -> {
+              dir.obtainLock("test.lock");
+            });
+
+    assertEquals("fake lock failure", expected.getMessage());
+    Throwable[] suppressed = expected.getSuppressed();
+    assertEquals(1, suppressed.length);
+    assertEquals("fake close failure", suppressed[0].getMessage());
+
+    dir.close();
+  }
 }